Medicaid eligibility and enrollment in Louisiana

There are several options for applying for Medicaid if you are under 65 (and don’t also have Medicare).

• You can apply online through the Louisiana Medicaid Online Application Center or at Healthcare.gov.
• You can apply over the phone, toll-free. The number is 1-888-342-6207.
• You can apply in person at a Medicaid application center.
• You can apply by mail or fax. Fill out the application and then mail it to Medicaid; P.O. Box 91278;
  Baton Rouge, LA 70821-9278; or fax it to 1-877-523-2987.

If you are 65 or older or have Medicare, use this website or call 888-342-6207 to apply for Medicaid.

Many people with Medicare receive help through Medicaid with Medicare premium costs, prescription drug expenses, and expenses that Medicare doesn’t cover — such as long-term care.

Our guide to financial resources for Medicare enrollees in Louisiana provides an overview of those programs, including Medicare Savings Programs, nursing home benefits, and income guidelines for assistance.

Before the COVID pandemic, states had to recheck enrollees’ eligibility annually, and disenroll people if they were no longer eligible or didn’t respond to a renewal notification. That was paused during the pandemic: From March 2020 through March 2023, states could not disenroll anyone from Medicaid unless they moved out of state, passed away, or requested a disenrollment.

But that rule ended March 31, 2023, and states are once again required to redetermine all enrollees’ eligibility for Medicaid coverage. States have 14 months to complete this “unwinding” of the COVID-related continuous coverage provisions, during which they must redetermine eligibility for everyone enrolled in their Medicaid programs. States had the option to begin the unwinding process in February, March, or April 2023 (disenrollments couldn’t come earlier than April 1).

Louisiana opted to begin the process in April, and their first disenrollments came at the end of June 2023. By the end of February 2024, more than 450,000 people had been disenrolled from Louisiana Medicaid.⁵ Slightly more than half of those disenrolled had been covered under Medicaid expansion, and nearly a third were children. 

The state initially expected up to 350,000 Louisiana Medicaid enrollees to be disenrolled during the unwinding period, and had far surpassed that number by three-quarters of the way through the unwinding period. But more than 300,000 of the disenrollments had been “procedural,” meaning that the state didn’t have enough information to determine whether the person was still eligible. People who are procedurally disenrolled can submit their renewal packet late or submit a new application at any time and re-enroll in Medicaid if they’re eligible.

Louisiana began an outreach campaign ahead of the unwinding period, sending “pink letters” to everyone enrolled in Medicaid. If a Louisiana Medicaid enrollee didn’t receive one of these letters by April 1, 2023, it likely means that the state had outdated contact information on file, and they must update their contact information as soon as possible.

People disenrolled from Medicaid can transition to other coverage, and can have seamless coverage as long as they enroll in the new plan prior to the Medicaid termination date (so that the new plan takes effect the first of the month following disenrollment from Medicaid). Many people are able to transition to an employer-sponsored plan. Some can transition to Medicare (if they became eligible during the three-year continuous coverage period but didn’t enroll because their Medicaid didn’t terminate). The rest can enroll in a plan through HealthCare.gov, Louisiana’s Marketplace/exchange platform.

There is an extended special enrollment period during which a person who loses Medicaid can enroll in a plan through HealthCare.gov anytime between March 31, 2023 and July 31, 2024. But again, it’s essential to apply before the loss of Medicaid coverage if you want to avoid a gap in coverage, as Marketplace coverage will not have a retroactive effective date.

As of December 2023, there were nearly 702,000 residents enrolled in Healthy Louisiana, the state’s Medicaid expansion program.⁶

As of late 2023, nearly 1.8 million Louisiana residents — about 38% of the state’s population — were enrolled in Medicaid/CHIP.⁷

This includes the Healthy Louisiana population as well as the traditional Medicaid populations, such as the elderly, children, and certain disabled residents.

Yes, Louisiana’s postpartum Medicaid coverage for new mothers continues for 12 months after the baby is born. In April 2022, CMS announced that Louisiana was utilizing a provision in the American Rescue Plan to extend postpartum Medicaid and CHIP benefits to last 12 months (it had previously ended at 60 days postpartum). CMS noted that 14,000 pregnant and postpartum people in Louisiana were receiving the extended benefit.

Louisiana was the first state to extend postpartum coverage as part of its state plan amendment using American Rescue Plan funding. Three other states (Illinois, New Jersey, and Virginia) had implemented extended postpartum coverage using 1115 waivers the year before. As of 2024, nearly all of the states have either incorporated extended postpartum Medicaid coverage into their state plan amendments, or have plans to do so soon.

Louisiana is fairly unique, however, in terms of how low its income limit is for pregnant women to qualify for Medicaid, at 138% of the poverty level. Only three other states (Idaho, Oklahoma, and South Dakota) have an income limit this low. Since Louisiana has expanded Medicaid under the ACA, all adults under the age of 65 are also eligible for Medicaid with household income up to 138% of the poverty level.

So in Louisiana, LaMOMS coverage (for pregnant women) has the same income limits as Healthy Louisiana (Medicaid expansion, for adults under age 65). But the primary difference is that the fetus (or multiple fetuses) is added to the number of people in the household to determine Medicaid eligibility (this is true nationwide).⁸

So if a woman is part of a household of two and then becomes pregnant with a single baby, she’s then considered part of a household of three. This means the household income level can be as high as $2,969 per month in 2024 and she’ll qualify for Medicaid (without being pregnant, as part of a household of two, the household income would have to be no more than $2,350 for the adults in that household to qualify for Healthy Louisiana).

In November 2018, Louisiana rolled out a new Medicaid eligibility and enrollment system that allows for real-time eligibility determinations using data from state and federal systems, instead of relying on manual eligibility determinations. And under the new system, enrollees would no longer receive phone calls from Louisiana Medicaid when their coverage is up for renewal; notices and requests for additional information would be sent by mail instead, and the system was set up to require enrollees to provide updated information in a timely manner in order to avoid termination of their coverage.

However, in August 2019, the state temporarily suspended the program that would terminate Medicaid coverage for people who don’t respond to requests for updated information. And as described above, Medicaid disenrollments were paused nationwide from March 2020 through March 2023, due to the COVID pandemic.

The new system that Louisiana implemented in 2018 automatically connects to state and federal databases to obtain member information regarding income and other eligibility requirements, and is once again in use now that the continuous coverage period is over. A large majority — 80% — of the people whose Louisiana Medicaid had been renewed as of March 2024 had been renewed automatically (exp parte). This was significantly higher than the national average of 60%.⁹

H.B.735, which passed 97-1 in the House and 32-0 in the Senate, was signed into law in May and took effect in August 2018. The law directed the state to create a workforce training and education pilot program for “improving employment opportunities and promoting workforce advancement” among people receiving public assistance, including Medicaid.

The pilot program debuted in 2019 in Monroe, with voluntary enrollment. Enrollees receive assistance with job training, job referral, career planning, apprenticeships and other job skills development.

On November 21, 2015, Democrat John Bel Edwards won the runoff gubernatorial election in Louisiana. Edwards supported Medicaid expansion as called for in the ACA, and his win immediately made Medicaid expansion much more likely in Louisiana. He took action to expand Medicaid on just his second day in office, and the expanded eligibility rules took effect several months later.

Former Governor Bobby Jindal was emphatically opposed to Medicaid expansion, but was not eligible to run in the 2015 gubernatorial race due to term limits. There was a primary election in October 2015, but none of the four candidates received a majority of the vote. So a runoff election was scheduled for November 21, 2015, with voters deciding between the two candidates who garnered the most votes in the first election (Democratic Minority leader of the Louisiana House of Representatives, John Bel Edwards; and Republican Senator David Vitter).

All four of the primary candidates had previously expressed at least some degree of willingness to accept federal funds to expand Medicaid, although all but Edwards had called for using a section 1115 waiver to craft Medicaid expansion in a state-specific way. Edwards’ support for Medicaid expansion was unequivocal.

In addition, lawmakers in Louisiana passed House Concurrent Resolution 75 in June 2015, which helped pave the way for the expansion of Medicaid. HCR75 allowed hospitals to implement a fee that would generate the revenue needed to pay the state’s portion of the cost of expanding Medicaid (the federal government will always pay 90% of the cost, but by 2020, states were responsible for 10% of the cost of covering the expansion population; hospitals tend to support Medicaid expansion, as they face dire budget cuts in states that haven’t expanded coverage). HCR75 gave Edwards until April 1, 2016 to propose a plan to expand Medicaid, but he wasted no time in issuing the Medicaid expansion executive order the day after taking office.

In early 2018, Louisiana Gov. John Bel Edwards said that his administration was “actively working” on ideas for implementing a “reasonable” work requirement for the state’s Medicaid program. Bel Edwards, a Democrat, was the prime mover in the state’s expansion of Medicaid in 2016.

In 2017, Louisiana enacted S.R.163, which requires the Louisiana Department of Health to provide monthly data to lawmakers on a variety of Medicaid-related metrics, including the total number of Medicaid expansion enrollees and the number of Medicaid expansion enrollees who have earned income.

According to H.B.3, which was introduced in early 2018, the state had reported that as of December 2017, enrollment in Medicaid expansion stood at 453,000 people, and “fewer than 284,000” of those individuals had earned income (even before S.R.163 was enacted, the Louisiana Department of Health had been providing detailed, up-to-date reports about Medicaid expansion enrollment, which are available to the public but do not include data about income or the work status of enrollees).

The Louisiana House passed H.B.3 in March 2018, but the bill did not advance in the Senate. It called for a Medicaid work requirement, but had been amended to ensure that people wouldn’t lose access to Medicaid if they didn’t comply with the work requirement.

S.B.77, which was introduced in the Senate in 2018 but did not progress to a vote, would have directed the state to seek a waiver from CMS, by January 2019, in order to implement a work requirement for Louisiana Medicaid expansion. The work requirement would have applied to people ages 19 to 64, but would have exempted pregnant women and people with disabilities, along with other populations that would have been detailed in the waiver proposal.

H.B.46, which was introduced in the House in 2018 but did not progress to a vote, would also have directed the state to seek a waiver from CMS in order to implement a work requirement for non-disabled adults age 19 to 64 who are enrolled in Medicaid and not caring for a child under the age of one year. Enrollees would have had to work, volunteer, or participate in other suitable community engagement activities for at least 20 hours per week in order to maintain Medicaid coverage. Exemptions would have been available for various populations, including pregnant women, people with disabilities, and people enrolled in substance abuse treatment.

By 2019, Governor Edwards had backed off from supporting a Medicaid work requirement, and his administration was instead supporting a pilot program to provide job training to some Medicaid expansion enrollees.